Wednesday, November 27, 2024
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Diagnostic tests for malaria underused in Zambia

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Despite improvements in the ability to diagnose malaria, these diagnostic tests are often underused in Zambia, and patients with negative test results are often prescribed anti-malaria medications, according to a study in the May 23/30 issue of JAMA, a theme issue on malaria.

The recent introduction of the effective but expensive artemisinin-based (a type of medication) combination therapy for malaria throughout Africa has led to renewed interest in improving the accuracy of diagnosis. The use of rapid antigen-detection diagnostic tests (RDTs) has been proposed as an approach for reducing overtreatment of malaria. The most widely used method to confirm a diagnosis of malaria is microscopy, according to background information in the article.

Davidson H. Hamer, M.D., of the Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, and colleagues from the Zambian Ministry of Health, the Kenyan Medical Research Institute and University of Oxford, assessed the association between use of microscopy and RDT and the prescription of antimalarials in Zambia. The researchers conducted a survey, carried out between March and May 2006, of 104 government and mission health facilities in four districts in Zambia. At each facility, data were collected during one working day on ill outpatients treated at the facility.

An equipment survey in the four districts revealed that 17 percent of the 104 health facilities had functional microscopy; 63 percent had RDTs. Overall, 73 percent of health facilities had at least 1 type of malaria diagnostics available.

Of the 1,717 patients (of all ages) with fever (suspected malaria), 27.8 percent treated in health facilities with malaria diagnostics were tested and 44.6 percent had positive test results. Of patients with negative blood smear results, 58.4 percent were prescribed an antimalarials, as were 35.5 percent of those with a negative RDT result. Most patients with fever (72.6 percent) did not have any diagnostic procedure performed. Antimalarials were prescribed to 66 percent of these patients. About half of this group received artemether-lumefantrine (an artemisinin-based combination therapy).

In facilities with artemether-lumefantrine in stock, this antimalarial was prescribed to a large proportion of patients with fever with a positive diagnostic test result, but also to some with a negative diagnostic test result (blood smear, 30.4 percent; RDT, 26.7 percent).

“RDTs have been proposed as a cost-effective approach to reducing overtreatment of malaria; under current practice in Zambia, however, their use will not achieve this goal,” the authors write.

“Given the widespread increase of artemisinin-based combination therapy in sub-Saharan Africa for management of uncomplicated malaria, there is a need to limit inappropriate use of these expensive new combinations. The increasing body of evidence that a substantial proportion of febrile patients do not have malaria, especially in low to moderate transmission zones, emphasizes the need to educate health center staff on the rational use of artemisinin-based combination therapy, which will require strengthening the availability of malaria diagnostics and enhancing quality control measures so that health care providers will have confidence in the test results.”

“The RDT training program in Zambia needs to be restructured such that trainees are provided with clear instructions about how to respond to a negative test result. Without taking these steps, we may rapidly be confronted with widespread resistance of P falciparum to artemisinin-based combination therapy, and the lifespan of these highly effective new therapies will be reduced,” the authors conclude.-JAMA and Archives Journals

China boosts mining investments to $900 million

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China has boosted its planned investment to US$900 million in Zambia`s mineral-rich Copper Belt over the next four years, the government said on Wednesday.

The Ministry of Commerce and Trade said China Nonferrous Metals Corporation (CNMC) president Luo Tao told Zambian authorities that Chinese firms would now add an extra US$100 million to the initial US$800 million investments planned for the new Chambishi economic zone.

The zone, pioneered by CNMC, is designed to draw investment from scores of Chinese companies in copper and cobalt mining, agriculture and manufacturing to create 60,000 jobs.

Deputy commerce and trade minister Dora Siliya was in China to finalise investment arrangements with firms planning to set up in Zambia starting from this year, the statement said.

A senior treasury official told Reuters that Chinese firms had shown interest in setting up manufacturing plants, including processing copper into finished products such as cables.

President Levy Mwanawasa said in February after talks with Chinese leader Hu Jintao that his government would create the economic zone in the Copper Belt town of Chambishi, 420 km north of the capital Lusaka, and exempt Chinese firms from import and value added taxes.

Analysts say the move fitted in China`s strategy to tap raw materials from African nations in exchange for grants and unconditional loans to the world`s poorest continent.

Maize exported before food security status known

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Zambia has begun exporting maize, although the government has yet to ascertain how much of the staple food has been produced during a season that was severely disrupted by widespread flooding.

There is growing concern over the government’s failure to release the scheduled official crop figures for the 2006/7 agricultural farming season, which are now more than a week overdue.

“This delay is making it difficult for us to plan ahead in terms of maintaining the prices of mealie meal in that we don’t know how much crop is out there exactly. We have been assured by the government that there’s a good crop but that’s only as far as we’ve been told,” Peter Cottan, vice president of the Millers Association of Zambia, told IRIN. “Of course, a number of millers are still hoarding some maize stocks from last year, but we still need the estimates for the new crop before we can decide on how best to maintain or adjust the prices of mealie meal.”

The recent price volatility of maize meal saw its price increase at least three times in the last quarter of 2006, with a 25kg bag selling for as much as US$11, making it unaffordable for the majority of the population.

“Most of us can’t afford a 25kg bag of mealie meal because we have no money… and there are no jobs, we are forced to buy pamelas  every day. We don’t see the reason for celebrating the (past) national bumper harvests announced by the government as mealie meal prices always remain expensive,” Martha Daka, a street trader in the capital Lusaka, said.

Even without an accurate assessment of the expected harvest, the government has begun exports to neighbouring Zimbabwe, Tanzania and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Agriculture minister Ben Kapita told local media recently that about 700 tonnes of maize from the latest harvest had already been exported to Zimbabwe, with a further 300,000 tonnes earmarked for export to provide Zambia with foreign exchange.

“We have allowed this exportation of part of our surplus crop through our various co-operating partners purely as a way of getting more value from our crop,” Kapita said.

According to Kapita, the government’s Food Reserve Agency was expected to export 226,000 tonnes to raise money for the purchase of crops from local farmers, while the Zambia National Farmers Union, the millers association and the Grain Traders Association would export about 48,000 tonnes in total.

Kapita said the delayed release of government’s crop assessment was because “I simply haven’t got the figures as yet on my table! We released the money late for this exercise and I am very sure that the field officers would only be coming from the fields about now. We need a bit of time before they can compile the figures, but I will certainly be informing the nation as soon as they are ready.”

Zambia has over the last three years posted a surplus harvest on the back of a number of reforms introduced by the former agriculture minister Mundia Sikatana, now foreign affairs minister, which included subsidising farming inputs by 60 percent, buying off the crop from small-scale farmers and encouraging conservation farming practices.

But, although the country in 2006 posted a crop surplus of 300,000 tonnes above its annual consumption requirement of 1.2 million tonnes, analysts said the torrential rains late last year and earlier this year, which swamped thousands of fields in at least five of the nine provinces, would likely hit maize production. About 1.4 million people were affected by the flooding and about 300,000 people, mostly in the agricultural producing rural areas, required food aid.

While president Levy Mwanawasa’s administration has generally drawn praise for its agricultural reforms, farmers have alleged that the government was giving them a raw deal by fixing the maize marketing price at a non-negotiable US$9 per 50kg bag.

“We find the pricing of maize unfair in many ways, and discouraging to the farmers too,” Guy Robinson, president of the Zambia National Farmers Union said. “It costs us a lot to produce the crop but the price at which we are required to sell it does not tally with the cost of production. We are urgently calling for the establishment of an independent crop costing exercise to critically look at the cost of production for maize against the price at which we are selling the crop.”

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WEDNESDAY FOOTBALL WRAP-UP

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Zambia departs for Windhoek on Friday to face Namibia in an international friendly on there on Saturday.

Saturday’s game will be Zambia’s only build-up match before facing Congo-Brazzaville at Konkola stadium in Chililabombwe on June 2.

The match will also be Zambia’s first international match this year since lifting the Cecafa Cup in December.

However, Zanaco defender Joseph Musonda is a doubt to play in the Namibia match due to illness.

Musonda has a severe stomach aliment and has been admitted to University Teaching Hospital.

National team Dr Joseph Kabungo said today that Musonda’s condition was stable.

Meanwhile, the Zambia Under 20 national team today left Holland for Germany at the end of their participation in the Terborg Youth Football tournament.

The team will be in Germany from Thursday until Sunday before returning to Holland.

At the Terborg Youth Tournament, Zambia drew 1-1 with Ajax Amsterdam, finished 2-2 with PSV Eindhoven, before losing 5-0 to Brazilian club Athletico Miniero’s youth team.

They wrapped-up their participation in the event losing 2-1 on penalties to PSV in their final game.

And in the Zambia Under 23 national team’s opponents Ivory Coast are expected on May 31 for theirOlympic Games football tournament Group B qualifier to be played at Nchanga stadium in Chingola on June 3.

The visitors will be camped in Kitwe and accommodated at Hotel Edinburgh.

Mataka: advocate of broad AIDS therapy

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ASCENDING the lofty heights of limelight in recent times is Elizabeth Mataka, executive director of a non governmental organisation, the Zambia National Aids Network (ZNAN ) established in June 1994.

Now she becomes one out of a myriad women to assume the universal role as Global Fund Vice Chair.

“The Global Fund was created as a public and private partnership, and today, we have taken a significant step further,” commented Dr Carol Jacobs, the outgoing Chair on the eve of Mrs Mataka’s election.

“By choosing representatives from the private sector and civil society to lead a multimillion dollar international financial institution, the board shows the high level of trust and collaboration that has been developed during the five-year life of the Global Fund,” Dr Jacobs said.

Prior to this appointment, Mrs Mataka has headed several NGOs including the Family Health Trust founded in 1990 by a group of trustees comprising private sector notables like Dr Roger Chongwe, Mr Andrew Sardanis, Professor Allan Harworth and Dr Guy Scott.

This seems to have been a springboard to later gains in social reform circles.

At the time, there was immense ignorance about the HIV/AIDS virus, how it is contracted and other factors related to its spread.

She has seen a radical change in press perceptions from how AIDS was attacking victims to the view that the country has managed to reduce levels of infection.

But hand in hand with prevention, there was need to tackle factors that fuel the spread of the epidemic, Mrs Mataka postulates.

While commending workplace programmes, she also believes in the universal access strategy which would place antiretroviral (ARV) therapy at the disposal of the public at large.

She was for private public partnerships in the advent of the Global Fund facility to take care of people who need treatment.

“We must agree that in Zambia, the private sector has not really been into the mainstream response,” Mrs Mataka observed.

She pointed out that for instance, ZNAN was helping 110 support groups including the Network for People Living with HIV/AIDS in the country.

“We contribute to making treatment for AIDS more accessible and as long as these people have timely medical intervention, they can support themselves,” Mrs Mataka projected.

As part of this effort, ZNAN recently donated a CD4 count machine to Kamoto Hospital in Eastern Province and another to Serenje District Hospital in Central Province.

“There’s no point declaring ARVs availability if people have to find money to get to treatment centres.

We should take treatment centres to accessible distances” Mrs Mataka suggested.

In this vein, ZNAN is committed to working with the government and the private sector in a quest to deliver HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria treatment.

She also registered concern over the phenomenon of defilements in the country which led to paediatric aids.

The daily basis reporting of this vice was beginning to raise eyebrows on whether people were now free to report these cases or these incidents were in the past but glossed over.

“We are seeing a rising incidence to child defilement.

It is not only criminal but also abhorrent to society,” Mrs Mataka declared.

She hoped the current trend of maximum sentences meted out to offenders would act as deterrent to would-be defilers.

In the 1990s Mrs Mataka was at the helm of the Anti-Aids Project which gave birth to 2,000 anti-Aids clubs in schools and communities countrywide including the Lusaka Home-based Care project at the University Teaching Hospital as well as the Children in Distress (CINDI) facility which established branches in Kitwe, Kalomo and Katete by 2002.

The CINDI project was at the root of mitigating the impact of AIDS on orphans and other vulnerable children.

“This work is difficult and you need people who can listen to you when you are frustrated.

This is very important,” She says in reference to the family which bolsters her morale and declares has been a driving force in her realisations.

When she is not in the thick of work, she likes gardening, light reading and chatting to a small circle of friends.

In her average-sized office off the Great East Road in Lusaka’s Rhodes Park, once in a while, the phone rings and the queries are cleared with articulate answers.

Or when she gives directives, she does so with a reassuring zeal of a perfectionist.

The interaction also exhibits a wealth of experience in coordinating matters on HIV/AIDS scourge.

Reverting to her appointment, Mrs Mataka excelled over 31 contestants according to poll results conducted by the International Council of Aids Service Organisations (ICASO) based in Canada.

Until recently, the GF acronym was immersed in a maze of other worldwide shortened versions normally glossed over as universal textbook verbiage.

Today, Mrs Mataka who is one of those in a closet about her age succinctly replied to a question on how old she was:
“I am an adult African woman” born in Botswana old enough to have four children and three grandchildren,” she trailed off keeping her date of birth a closely guarded secret.

But if she was old enough to have weathered the storms of wedlock for close to four decades, then anyone with mathematical wit may calculate her age!
She insists that her identity must revolve round her personality as a family woman married for 39 years to Robert Henry Mataka who is Deputy Secretary to the Cabinet.

However, her biographical data begins in the afore named neighbouring country where she did her primary education and later Form V in Francistown.

She was born in Botswana to Mr and Mrs Nombe who was civil servant in the neighbouring country.

Mrs Mataka is mother of two sons and two daughters, Mwila, Zeni, and Nomsa and Linda, respectively.

In her heydays, she was a keen athlete, participated in hurdles and high jump and briefly chuckles at the recollection of herself on the sports arena.

She later migrated to the University of Zambia in 1966 and took up studies in Social Work.

Her impression of Zambia then was that it was more developed than Botswana which had no university and instead the latter’s citizens went elsewhere for tertiary level tuition to Lesotho, Swaziland and South Africa.

Thus, Mrs Mataka is one of the millennium age success stories to emerge from Zambia and Africa recently.

Of modest height and an intellectual disposition befitting an academician, one is struck by her articulate knowledge of what is on about in contemporary medics on HIV/AIDS at international fora.

She is by sight a serious woman and fluent English articulation remains a convincing attribute and pointer to her proficiency levels in social work.

She does not laugh about anyhow to a point of wringing her hands in idle talk but typically gets amused by the widespread notion that her elevation on the Global Fund hierarchy for a Zambian means more ‘Nichekeleko opportunities for the country”

One observer said: “As there are some men with feminine qualities, she is a woman with masculine qualities in terms of expression.”

Thanks to her numerous travails to the outer world where she mingles with various representatives at bilateral and multilateral levels she has harnessed her experience to effectively function in her domain.

After a brief, chat anyone would see the latent potential for her to teach or lecture as narration extolling refined intellect comes rolling down her sleeve without much effort, a characteristic that has eluded millions in the world of academia.

This virtue is manifest when she recounts factors behind Zambia’s AIDS prevalence levels.

She beams with more realism than superficiality displaying more depth of grasp over issues at play in the AIDS fight.

Mrs Mataka does not strike one as a person easily swayed by pretence or easily excited or moved.

“I believe that in Zambia now, the degree of awareness is exceptionally high. If the rates are still 16 per cent of the national total, then we still have a lot of work to do,” Mrs Mataka explains.

As a result of her achievement, many are beginning to know the overall purpose of the much heralded financing facility called the Global Fund.

Digressing a bit from a personal spotlight, the famous Global Fund stretches back to 2001 when the past United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Anan mooted the idea ostensibly for tackling the ravaging AIDS, TB and malaria onslaught.

During the second half of 2001, delegates from various governments and civil society met in Brussels several times to carve out a structure including the framework of the Global Fund.

The Global Fund functions through a mechanism called Country Coordinating Committee (CCM) which presents a country project proposal to the world Aids financing institution for funding.

The Global Fund requires that each country sets up a CCM composed of government and civil society representatives to facilitate the disbursement procedure.

The NGO representatives on the Global Fund Board consists of three groups of delegates.

Communities (NGOs representatives of the comunites Living with the diseases – HIV, TB and malaria have Dr Francois Ndayishimeye (Burundi) and Mr Javier Hourcade Bellocq – alternate incoming board member (Argentina).

The Developed country NGO group consists of Ms Asia Russel – incoming board member (United States of America) while the Developing country NGO group lists Mrs Elizabeth N Mataka as board member (Zambia) and Dr Bobby John – alternate board member (India).

However, as a country hosting a deputy executive, Zambia is privileged to have access to useful data on modalities related to the acquisition of funding for anti-AIDS projects.

But Mrs Mataka contrasts this privilege when she points out that while there, (in Geneva), we make ‘a conflict of interest declaration’.

You declare that if there is a discussion that affects you personally, then you should not be part of the discussion.

It is like if a board chairman’s wife applies for a bank loan, then the chairman should not be part of the proceedings,” Mrs Mataka explained.

“There’s no nichekeleko apo mwana” (my friend cut off a piece for me there) I can only ensure that Zambia’s concerns are shared with board committees,” she said.

It is evident that immense experience and dedication has formed the backdrop of her elevation to the current status.

Mrs Mataka has consistently worked as a social worker in the government and private sector in various leading capacities for 16 years in diverse aspects of tuberculosis, AIDS and malaria epidemic control activities.

As a personality, Mrs Mataka exhibits striking maturity and exceptional commitment in her role as a social work functionary.

When she speaks, one sees a mark far above average understanding of various situations affecting those afflicted with the infamous endemic
Her turning point seems to have been when she picked up useful experience at the helm of the Family Health Trust from 1990 to 2003.

She pioneered the formation of over 2,000 school and community-based AIDS clubs as care facilities in the country.

This innovation was her first community-based response to streams of orphans and vulnerable youth in Zambia.

She has also served on numerous boards at home and abroad and in this context is founder member of the Southern African Network of AIDS Service Organisations, the International Children in Need Network and the Zambia National Aids Council.

It remains to be seen how Zambia is poised to fare as a possible recipient of global funding for the dreaded univesal virus – AIDS with the advent of Mrs Mataka’s appointment to the Global Fund Board.

COMESA adopts customs union

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THE Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) member states have adopted the Customs Union, after approval of recommendations of an inter-ministerial task force report.

COMESA Secretary General Erastus Mwencha said the 23rd meeting of the Council of Ministers endorsed the formation of the COMESA Custom Union.

According to the Kenya Times obtained by the Mail, Mr Mwencha disclosed that the Council of Ministers also adopted all the ministerial reports earlier tabled before the intergovernmental meeting.

Mr Mwencha said among the reports adopted include, the ministerial finance report which facilitated the formation of a COMESA Fund, a ministerial report on agriculture, transport and infrastructure and other crucial
reports.

He also said the report on common external tariff was also
adopted.

Meanwhile, Kenya expressed optimism that the establishment of the custom union would boost the region’s trade potential and increase its global competitiveness.

Speaking during the official opening of the 23rd meeting of the COMESA Council of Ministers, Kenyan Vice President Moody Awori said the individual markets when combined into a single market would be relatively strong.

He said the region would have a combined population and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of 400 million people and an estimated US$300 billion respectively.

Mr Awori said the block’s trade volume had increased from US$2 billion at the launch of COMESA Free Trade Area (FTA) in 2000 to over US$6 billion (Sh402b) currently.

He reiterated that the Customs Union was critical to the regions’ GDP since it would provide an indispensable base for a more prosperous future, adding that the region would now have more say on the international scene.

“The long term gains of a custom union are therefore undeniable and we should consider it an opportunity rather than a threat, Mr Awori said.

He said that the trade liberalisation regime that the region had implemented over the years had been instrumental in the substantial growth in trade so far witnessed in the COMESA region.

Mr Awori noted that the COMESA Free Trade Area had been qualified as a trail of impressive achievements in trade liberalisation, a move he said is making trade easier, more efficient and less costly.

On the Custom Union which is envisaged to be launched by December 2008, the Vice-president said it was important for the region to have a Common External Tariff ( CET).

He pointed out that the tariff would be an essential instrument in pursuing negotiations with the European Union ( EU) over Economic Partnership Agreements ( EPAs) and the multilateral negotiations within the framework of the world trade organization (WTO).

Mpondela’s wife seeks divorce

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ZAMBIA Amateur Athletics Association (ZAAA) president, Elias Mpondela’s wife, Judith, has petitioned for divorce in the Lusaka High Court, alleging the adulterous behaviour of her husband.

Ms Mpondela, who is seeking a divorce pursuant to section 1(2) (a) of Matrimonial Cause Act of 1973, submitted that the couple got married at Saint Ignatius Parish Church on October 24, 1987 and have four children together.

This is in a divorce case in which Ms Mpondela has sued her husband and another Lusaka woman Leah Banda-Mwale who is alleged to be having an affair with Mr Mpondela.

She submitted that there have been previous proceedings in the Zambian courts concerning the couple’s separation last year and a criminal matter in which she was allegedly assaulted by Mr Mpondela.

Ms Mpondela had stated that her marriage had broken down irretrievably in that her husband had allegedly committed adultery with Ms Banda-Mwale and that she found it intolerable to live with him.

She alleged that Mr Mpondela had on numerous occasions been arrogant and violent towards her and that he had assaulted her physically and mentally.

Ms Mpondela alleged that her husband’s affair with Ms Banda-Mwale was now a matter of public knowledge in that she (Ms Banda-Mwale) and her late husband’s marriage was dissolved by the High Court on proof of adultery.

She submitted that in May 2005, her husband (Mr Mpondela) was fined K1.5 million by the Chilenje Local Court over his affair with Ms Banda-Mwale and that she was present during all the deliberations and heard for herself the episode of events.

She claimed that as a result of Mr Mpondela’s adulterous and unreasonable behaviour, they are even now on separation.

Ms Mpondela wants the court to dissolve the marriage and that she continues to have custody of the children but that her husband should only have reasonable access to them.

UPND dares UNIP to withdraw

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 THE United National Independence Party (UNIP) has been advised to officially withdraw from the United Democratic Alliance (UDA) instead of making false allegations against sister parties.

The UDA is an alliance comprising the Forum for Democracy and Development (FDD), UNIP and the United Party for National Development (UPND).

UPND spokesperson, Charles Kakoma, said yesterday in Lusaka that the reasons that UNIP was advancing for fielding Mr Levison Mumba in the Kapoche parliamentary by-elections were weak and lacked sincerity.

He was reacting to UNIP’s resolution that the UDA was irrelevant in the Kapoche by-elections.

UNIP has also said the former ruling party was not sufficiently consulted over Mr Banda’s adoption as UDA parliamentary candidate for the Kapoche by-election.

Mr Kakoma said there were procedures of coming out of any contract and that if the former ruling party was serious about pulling out of the UDA, it should officially write to inform the other partners
Mr Kakoma dispelled assertions that UNIP was not consulted over Mr Banda’s adoption as parliamentary candidate.

He said consultations were made with the local leadership in Kapoche.

And FDD national secretary, Newton Ng’uni said his party totally resented the arguments that were being put forward by UNIP.

Mr Ng’uni accused UNIP president, Tilyenji Kaunda of allegedly holding on to the joint certificate of adoption of UDA candidates.

He said this was after the certificate was signed by himself (Mr Ng’uni) and UPND Secretary General, Tiens Kahenya.

PRO’S HIT LIST

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DENMARK.

Brondby Striker Christopher Katongo started and was substituted in the 86th minute in the 6th placed clubs 1-0 home win over 4th from top OB Odense on Sunday.

FRANCE.

Striker Jacob Mulenga played the full 90 minutes for his French Ligue 2 club Chateauroux last Thursday in the 7th positioned sides 1-0 home victory over 14th placed Guingamp.

GERMANY.

ALEMMANIA AACHEN: Defender Moses Sichone did not play on Saturday in relegated Aachens’ final Bundesliga game of the season that the club lost 4-0 away to 7th placed Hamburg SV.

SC PADERBORN: Midfielder Andrew Sinkala did not play on Sunday in 11th placed Paderborn’s 5-1 away defeat at relegated Wacker Burghausen.

PORTUGAL.

Striker Collins Mbseuma started and finished for 11th placed Maritimo in their 2-1 home loss to 9th positioned Boavista on Saturday.

Mbesuma did not score in that game.

SWEDEN.

ORGRYTE: Midfielder Dominic Yobe and striker Boyd Mwila came on in the 63rd and 64th minutes respectively on Monday in 3rd placed Orgrytes’ 4-0 away division 2 win over 2nd from bottom Sylvia.

None of the two Zambians were on target for Orgryte who are on 6 points from 3 games played and a point behind leaders Norrkoping.

LJUNGSKILE: Defender Edwin Phiri did not play for 12th placed Ljungskile on Monday in the 12th placed clubs’ 3-0 away division 2 defeat at Atvidabergs who are just a spot below them in 11th place.

Comply with Presidential directive, MCCM advised

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Former Mine Suppliers and Contractors Association President, Isaac Musonda, says Mopani Copper Mine management should comply with presidential directive of finding another procurement solution as opposed to the quadroon arrangement it has introduced. Mr. Musonda also appealed to the suppliers and contractors to unite and reject the system instead of causing divisions among themselves. He told ZANIS in Ndola today that during his tenure of his office, he did not support the same system Mopani copper mines had intended to introduce where local suppliers and contractors were to receive orders and enquiries from South Africa. Mr. Musonda explained that Mopani tried to be stuborn but through the intervention of the ministry of mines, the system was stopped. He praised President Mwanawasa for his intervention by not supporting the system that the local suppliers and contractors were against. Meanwhile, Mr. Musonda, who is also Party for Unity Development and Democracy, said his party was still consulting his members over constitution making process. He added that it was too early for his party to make its stand known over the constitution without the involvement of the members at grassroot levels. He further said those advocating for demonstration should go ahead because they were exercising their democratic rights.

Work as a team – Lwipa urges government heads

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Health Deputy Minister, Lwipa Puma, has called on government heads of departments to work inline with government and contribute to national development.

Dr Puma said that the government machinery at grass root and district levels was cardinal in national development.

Dr. Puma, who is also Lufwanyama area Member of Parliament, was speaking when he
addressed heads of Government Departments at Lufwanyama Council Chamber yesterday.

He also urged civil servants who were lacking in their duties and were not prepared
to work in line with the government of the day should resign and leave room for others who are prepared to deliver goods.

“Those who are out to frustrate government’s operations should resign or I will deal with them accordingly,” Dr. Puma said.

He said that he would not allow the situation where government resources were released and works were not seen.

He urged them to work as a team to acquire good results.

Former republican presidents urged to respect each other

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A veteran politician in Mufulira has urged the two former heads of state to respect each other and stop using the media to settle their old scores.

Former United National Independence Party (UNIP) Copperbelt Provincial Chairperson,
Levy Mwasa, said it is embarrassing for the former presidents, Dr. Kenneth Kaunda and Dr. Fredrick Chiluba to exchange unpalatable words in the press.

Mr. Mwansa said this in a  statement to ZANIS today, saying accusing each other as
having stolen state funds in public is being irresponsible and childish, considering that both were at one time entrusted to run the affairs of the nation.

The politician stated that the sour relationship between the two former heads  of state is a danger to the peace and stability of the country as their conduct undermines the office the president.

Mr. Mwansa said the former presidents should set very  high standards on how they
should related to each other so that future presidents will build on the same experience.

He advised Dr. Chiluba to stop playing political tactics and not to hide in Dr. Kaunda’s past record because when he was the republican president he brought in Scotland Yard to probe the first  president and his name was cleared.

He said in the best interest of the nation Dr. Chiluba should swallow his pride and apologise publicly.

He noted that it is not good for Dr. Chiluba to dwell on the past and accuse Dr. Kaunda that he stole money just because he has been accused of fraud.

Lately the two former heads of state have been exchanging words in the press following the recent judgment  by the London court in which Dr. Chiluba has been found liable.

North MMD uncover scam

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The Ruling MMD in Northern province has uncovered a plot by some senior MMD party officials who are allegedly conspiring to destabilise the party in the province.

MMD acting provincial information and publicity secretary Chrispin Mulenga disclosed
this to ZANIS in Kaama today.

Mr. Mulenga said the named party officials were allegedly going round spreading false information that the party was facing financial problems resulting in some members soliciting for support from the provincial minister Lameck Chibombamilimo.

He also explained that the same party officials were also threatening other party
members from working together with Mr. Chibombamilimo due to their perceived
differences with the minister.

Mr. Mulenga wondered how province would be developed if leaders in  the ruling party
are engaged internal wrangling.

Mr. Mulenga said the senior party officials behind the peddling of lies against the
party were the same people who chanted Patriotic Front slogans when the opposing
party was seemingly leading in last year’s tripartite elections.

He has since advised MMD provincial chairperson Griever Sikasote not to entertain
the disgruntled party officials whose motive was entirely to bring disunity in party
activities in the province.

A graduates dilemma

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One sunny Saturday morning Chileshe was very discouraged. From his seat upon the low wall surrounding his property, he gazed sadly at his simple home, the one he had just finished building in Chilenje .His wife frequently appeared at the open door. Her furtive glances in his direction reminded him that the Mealie Meal bag was almost empty and he should be at work finishing of the website he was designing for a local company.

Nevertheless, his well built muscular body sat stolidly on the wall. His slow mind was struggling patiently with a problem for which he could find no answer. The hot, Zambian sun beat down upon him mercilessly. Beads of perspiration formed on his brow and trickled down unnoticed to lose themselves in the hairy jungle on his chest.

Chileshe was too engrossed in his thoughts to notice the white Toyota corolla that had pulled up into his driveway.

“Shani boyi,”the smiling face of Kabwe, his best friend, said as he approached him.

“Mwalila?” Kabwe went on to say.

“Panono,” Chileshe replied barely looking up.

“How can you say panono? You have just finished building your own house. Though the painting and the finishings leave much to be desired but at least it’s yours. You are an Unza graduate, one of the best engineers around. You have even taught yourself how to design websites. You have a beautiful wife. Boyi I think God has blessed you. Now lend me K100 000 from that bulging wallet of yours. I will return it next week. You won’t even miss it,” said Kabwe.

“If I did have K100 000,” Chileshe responded gloomily, “I would not even lend it to you, for it would be all I have.”

“What!” exclaimed Kabwe with genuine surprise. You don’t have any money, yet you sit like a statue on the wall. Why not design some websites or do some PJs?
Where is your energy my friend? Is there something bothering you?”

“Yes, there is something bothering me,” agreed Chileshe. “It began in a dream, a senseless dream in which I thought I was a man of means. I owned massive houses. The most beautiful houses I’d ever seen. I had my own private jet, parked right here in Chilenje. I dined with people like Bill Gates. The politicians here trembled in my presence. My wallet was full of $100 notes. It must have been $100 000.I was freely giving beggars $100 notes. I had enough money to buy my wife fine clothes and jewelry and whatever I desired. My wife would go shopping in Paris, New York and London. Only when she needed things like Chibwabwa would she shop in Lusaka. It was such a glorious feeling of contentment. You would not have known me as that hard working friend. Nor would you have known my wife, she was so free from stress and her face was shining with happiness. She was the smiling bride of our early married days.”

“Yes, that was a pleasant and senseless dream indeed” commented Kabwe , “but why should such pleasant feelings turn you into a miserable statue on the wall?”

“Why indeed!” lamented Chileshe. “It’s because when I woke up and remembered how empty my bank account was, a feeling of rebellion swept over me. Lets discuss this Kabwe. As youngsters we were both top students and even got ZCCM scholarships. As young men, we played hard but still graduated from Unza with distinctions. As grown men we have been satisfied to work long hours and spend our money freely. We have earned millions of kwacha in the years that have passed, yet to know the joy that comes from wealth we must dream! After half a lifetime of labor, you my close friend comes to ask me for K100 000.Why can’t we acquire wealth more than enough for food, clothes, cars and these substandard houses we are building.”

“Think of our sons,” Chileshe continued, “are they not following our footsteps? They will also go to school, get more degrees than a thermometer and still struggle with money like we do.”

“I have never heard you talk this way in all the years of our friendship Chileshe,” a puzzled Kabwe said.

“Never in all those years did I think like this before. From morning till night I work hard as an engineer, hoping some day God would recognize my deeds and reward me with great prosperity. That is just not happening. So my heart is sad. I wish to be a wealthy man, a man of means. I wish to own lots of land, lots of houses and wear the finest clothes. I’m willing to work for these things with all the strength in my back, with all the skill in my hands and with all the intellect in my mind, but I wish my labor will also be fairly rewarded,” cried Chileshe.

Government calls for studies on causes of high HIV rates

11

Government has called for regional studies on the causes of the high HIV infection rates in the country.

Northern Province Permanent Secretary Joel Ngo said this when he officiated at a
Consultative Meeting on the Drivers of the HIV/AIDS pandemic held at Ludo Lodge in
Kasama over the weekend.

In a speech read for him by Kasama District Administrative Officer Edwin Katongo, Mr. Ngo said commissioning a research would establish the forces behind the increasing HIV infections among the productive age group in the nation.

He noted that such research findings would help government and other stakeholders involved in the multi sectoral response to HIV/AIDS to come up with assertive action
against the pandemic.

Mr. Ngo also observed that the findings would assist in localizing HIV/AIDS issues, thereby enabling various stakeholders to take appropriate measures of combating the
further spread of HIV in communities.

The Permanent Secretary, however, explained that new HIV infections were being
recorded on a daily basis, thereby affecting the intervention measures being put in
place by the government.

Mr. Ngo attributed the new HIV  infections to rampant child abuse, gender based
violence, poverty, HIV/AIDS stigma and discrimination as well as lack of timely action by those either affected or infected by the pandemic.

He has since called for concerted efforts from all stakeholders to combat new infections to avoid back-tracking on the positive achievements made in fighting HIV/AIDS in country.